American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 49, Issue 6 , Pages 736-743 , June 2007

Iron Management in Nondialysis-Dependent CKD

  • Steven Fishbane, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Steven Fishbane, MD, 200 Old Country Rd, #135, Mineola, NY 11501.

Received 19 January 2007 ,Accepted 14 March 2007.

References 

  1. Wood MM, Elwood PC. Symptoms of iron deficiency anaemia (A community survey). Br J Prev Soc Med. 1966;20:117–121
  2. Rockey DC. Gastrointestinal tract evaluation in patients with iron deficiency anemia. Semin Gastrointest Dis. 1999;10:53–64
  3. Fishbane S, Mittal SK, Maesaka JK. Beneficial effects of iron therapy in renal failure patients on hemodialysis. Kidney Int Suppl. 1999;69:S67–S70
  4. Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Curhan GC. Iron status and hemoglobin level in chronic renal insufficiency. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2002;13:2783–2786
  5. Gotloib L, Silverberg D, Fudin R, Shostak A. Iron deficiency is a common cause of anemia in chronic kidney disease and can often be corrected with intravenous iron. J Nephrol. 2006;19:161–167
  6. Eschbach JW, Downing MR, Egrie JC, Browne JK, Adamson JW. USA multicenter clinical trial with recombinant human erythropoietin (Amgen) (Results in hemodialysis patients). Contrib Nephrol. 1989;76:160–165discussion, 212-218
  7. National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Anemia in Chronic Kidney Disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;47(suppl 3):S11–S145
  8. Besarab A, Amin N, Ahsan M, et al. Optimization of epoetin therapy with intravenous iron therapy in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2000;11:530–538
  9. DeVita MV, Frumkin D, Mittal S, Kamran A, Fishbane S, Michelis MF. Targeting higher ferritin concentrations with intravenous iron dextran lowers erythropoietin requirement in hemodialysis patients. Clin Nephrol. 2003;60:335–340
  10. Taylor JE, Peat N, Porter C, Morgan AG. Regular low-dose intravenous iron therapy improves response to erythropoietin in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11:1079–1083
  11. Sunder-Plassmann G, Horl WH. Importance of iron supply for erythropoietin therapy. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1995;10:2070–2076
  12. Sepandj F, Jindal K, West M, Hirsch D. Economic appraisal of maintenance parenteral iron administration in treatment of anaemia in chronic haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1996;11:319–322
  13. Fishbane S, Kowalski EA, Imbriano LJ, Maesaka JK. The evaluation of iron status in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1996;7:2654–2657
  14. Gunnell J, Yeun JY, Depner TA, Kaysen GA. Acute-phase response predicts erythropoietin resistance in hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis patients. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;33:63–72
  15. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Rodriguez RA, Humphreys MH. Association between serum ferritin and measures of inflammation, nutrition and iron in haemodialysis patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19:141–149
  16. Fishbane S, Shapiro W, Dutka P, Valenzuela OF, Faubert J. A randomized trial of iron deficiency testing strategies in hemodialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2001;60:2406–2411
  17. Tessitore N, Solero GP, Lippi G, et al. The role of iron status markers in predicting response to intravenous iron in haemodialysis patients on maintenance erythropoietin. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16:1416–1423
  18. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Höffken B, Wünsch H, Fink H, Kleiner M, Luft FC. Diagnosis of iron deficiency anemia in renal failure patients during the post-erythropoietin era. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;26:292–299
  19. Tessitore N, Solero GP, Lippi G, et al. The role of iron status markers in predicting response to intravenous iron in haemodialysis patients on maintenance erythropoietin. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16:1416–1423
  20. Choudhry U, Boyce HW, Coppola D. Proton pump inhibitor-associated gastric polyps: A retrospective analysis of their frequency, and endoscopic, histologic, and ultrastructural characteristics. Am J Clin Pathol. 1998;110:615–621
  21. Brittenham GM. Disorders of iron metabolism: Iron deficiency and overload. In:  Hoffman R,  Benz EJ,  Shattil SJ,  Furie B,  Cohen HJ,  Silberstein LE editor. Hematology: Basic Principles and Practice. (ed 2).. New York, NY: Churchill Livingstone; 1995;p. 492–523
  22. Gonzalez-Michaca L, Farrugia G, Croatt AJ, Alam J, Nath KA. Heme: A determinant of life and death in renal tubular epithelial cells. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2004;286:F370–F377
  23. Zhou XJ, Laszik Z, Wang XQ, Silva FG, Vaziri ND. Association of renal injury with increased oxygen free radical activity and altered nitric oxide metabolism in chronic experimental hemosiderosis. Lab Invest. 2000;80:1905–1914
  24. Aggarwal HK, Nand N, Singh S, Singh M, Hemant N, Kaushik G. Comparison of oral versus intravenous iron therapy in predialysis patients of chronic renal failure receiving recombinant human erythropoietin. J Assoc Physicians India. 2003;51:170–174
  25. Stoves J, Inglis H, Newstead CG. A randomized study of oral vs intravenous iron supplementation in patients with progressive renal insufficiency treated with erythropoietin. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16:967–974
  26. Charytan C, Qunibi W, Bailie GR Venofer Clinical Studies Group. Comparison of intravenous iron sucrose to oral iron in the treatment of anemic patients with chronic kidney disease not on dialysis. Nephron Clin Pract. 2005;100:c55–c62
  27. Van Wyck DB, Roppolo M, Martinez CO, Mazey RM, McMurray S United States Iron Sucrose (Venofer) Clinical Trials Group. A randomized, controlled trial comparing IV iron sucrose to oral iron in anemic patients with nondialysis-dependent CKD. Kidney Int. 2005;68:2846–2856
  28. Macdougall IC, Roche A. Administration of intravenous iron sucrose as a 2-minute push to CKD patients: A prospective evaluation of 2,297 injections. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;46:283–289
  29. Michelis R, Gery R, Sela S, et al. Carbonyl stress induced by intravenous iron during haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2003;18:924–930
  30. Rooyakkers TM, Stroes ES, Kooistra MP, et al. Ferric saccharate induces oxygen radical stress and endothelial dysfunction in vivo. Eur J Clin Invest. 2002;32(suppl 1):S9–S16

 Support: Research funding was provided by Amgen Inc, Ortho Biotech Products LP, Roche, and Watson Pharmaceuticals Inc. Potential conflicts of interest: Advisory Boards: Amgen Inc, Ortho Biotech Products LP, Roche, and Watson Pharmaceuticals Inc.Originally published online as doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.03.007 on May 3, 2007.

PII: S0272-6386(07)00641-5

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.03.007

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 49, Issue 6 , Pages 736-743 , June 2007

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution