American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 50, Issue 6 , Pages 952-957 , December 2007

Hypernatremia in the Critically Ill Is an Independent Risk Factor for Mortality

  • Gregor Lindner

      Affiliations

    • Intensive Care Unit 13H1, Medical University of Vienna, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Baumgartner Höhe–Otto Wagner Spital, Vienna, Austria
    • G.L. and G.-C.F. contributed equally to this work.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Gregor Lindner, Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Währingergürtel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
    • ,
  • Georg-Christian Funk, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Respiratory and Critical Care, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Baumgartner Höhe–Otto Wagner Spital, Vienna, Austria
    • G.L. and G.-C.F. contributed equally to this work.
    • ,
  • Christoph Schwarz, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
    • ,
  • Nikolaus Kneidinger

      Affiliations

    • Intensive Care Unit 13H1, Medical University of Vienna, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Baumgartner Höhe–Otto Wagner Spital, Vienna, Austria
    • ,
  • Alexandra Kaider

      Affiliations

    • Core Unit for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
    • ,
  • Bruno Schneeweiss, MD

      Affiliations

    • Intensive Care Unit 13H1, Medical University of Vienna, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Baumgartner Höhe–Otto Wagner Spital, Vienna, Austria
    • ,
  • Ludwig Kramer, MD

      Affiliations

    • Intensive Care Unit 13H1, Medical University of Vienna, Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Baumgartner Höhe–Otto Wagner Spital, Vienna, Austria
    • ,
  • Wilfred Druml, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Medical University of Vienna, Austria

Received 19 April 2007 ,Accepted 27 August 2007.

References 

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  2. Adrogué HJ, Madias NE. Hypernatremia. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:1493–1499
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  4. Polderman KH, Schreuder WO, Strack van Schijndel RJ, Thijs LG. Hypernatremia in the intensive care unit: An indicator of quality of care?. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:1041–1042
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  6. Lenz K, Gossinger H, Laggner A, Druml W, Grimm G, Schneeweiss B. Influence of hypernatremic-hyperosmolar state on hemodynamics of patients with normal and depressed myocardial function. Crit Care Med. 1986;14:913–914
  7. Kozeny GA, Murdock DK, Euler DE, et al. In vivo effects of acute changes in osmolality and sodium concentration on myocardial contractility. Am Heart J. 1985;109:290–296
  8. Bratusch-Marrain PR, DeFronzo RA. Impairment of insulin-mediated glucose metabolism by hyperosmolality in man. Diabetes. 1983;32:1028–1034
  9. Druml W, Kleinberger G, Lenz K, Laggner A, Schneeweiss B. Fructose-induced hyperlactemia in hyperosmolar syndromes. Klin Wochenschr. 1986;64:615–618
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  11. Marubini E, Valsecchi MG. Analysing Survival Data from Clinical Trials and Observational Studies. New York, NY: Wiley; 1995;
  12. Hawkins RC. Age and gender as risk factors for hyponatremia and hypernatremia. Clin Chim Acta. 2003;337:169–172
  13. van den Berghe G, Wouters P, Weekers F, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the critically ill patients. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:1359–1367
  14. van den Berghe G, Wilmer A, Hermans G, et al. Intensive insulin therapy in the medical ICU. N Engl J Med. 2006;354:449–461
  15. Acquarone N, Garibotto G, Pontremoli R, Gurreri G. Hypernatremia associated with severe rhabdomyolysis. Nephron. 1989;51:441–442
  16. Opas LM, Adler R, Robinson R, Lieberman E. Rhabdomyolysis with severe hypernatremia. J Pediatr. 1977;90:713–716
  17. Lima EQ, Aguiar FC, Barbosa DM, Burdmann EA. Severe hypernatraemia (221 mEq/l), rhabdomyolysis and acute renal failure after cerebral aneurysm surgery. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19:2126–2129
  18. Sterns RH. Hypernatremia in the intensive care unit: Instant quality—Just add water. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:1041–1042

 Originally published online as doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.08.016 on October 30, 2007.

PII: S0272-6386(07)01237-1

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.08.016

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 50, Issue 6 , Pages 952-957 , December 2007

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