American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 51, Issue 3 , Pages 491-503, March 2008

Osmotic Nephrosis: Acute Kidney Injury With Accumulation of Proximal Tubular Lysosomes Due to Administration of Exogenous Solutes

  • Michael Dickenmann, MD

      Affiliations

    • Clinic for Transplantation Immunology and Nephrology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Tobias Oettl, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Tobias Oettl, MD, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.
    • ,
  • Michael J. Mihatsch, MD

      Affiliations

    • Institute for Pathology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.

Received 16 June 2007; accepted 22 October 2007. published online 01 February 2008.

Osmotic nephrosis describes a morphological pattern with vacuolization and swelling of the renal proximal tubular cells. The term refers to a nonspecific histopathologic finding rather than defining a specific entity. Osmotic nephrosis can be induced by many different compounds, such as sucrose, hydroxyethyl starch, dextrans, and contrast media. It has a broad clinical spectrum that includes acute kidney injury and chronic kidney failure in rare cases. This article discusses the pathological characteristics, pathogenesis, and various clinical entities of osmotic nephrosis.

Index Words: Osmotic nephrosis, acute kidney injury

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 Originally published online as doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.10.044 on February 1, 2008.

PII: S0272-6386(07)01592-2

doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.10.044

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 51, Issue 3 , Pages 491-503, March 2008

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