Giovanni B. Fogazzi, Simona Verdesca, Giuseppe Garigali
To view an add-on file, click on a title in the list below. Please note that add-on components may require plug-in applications. To download a plug in for your browser, please refer to the manufacturer's website.
A clump of superficial transitional cells. Compared with the cells of the deep layers they are much larger. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
Squamous cells with their irregular shape, a scarcely granular cytoplasm, and a small central nucleus. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
A waxy cast with the typical “melted wax” appearance, irregular edges, and high refractive index. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
The same cast under polarized light. The lipid droplets show the typical Maltese crosses with symmetrical arms. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
A renal tubular epithelial cell (RTEC) cast with RTECs easily identifiable due to the large nucleus. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
A hemoglobin cast with brownish hue and granular appearance, both due to the presence of degraded erythrocytes within the matrix of the cast. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
An aggregate of rhomboidal uric acid crystal with their typical polychromatic birefringence under polarized light. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
Birefringent amorphous urates. These are identical with amorphous phosphates, which do not polarize light and are found only in alkaline pH. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
Ovoidal monohydrated calcium oxalate crystals, with their typical strong birefringence under polarized light. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
Two triple phosphate crystals with a typical “coffin-lid” appearance. The presence of bacteria confirms that these crystals are frequently associated with urinary infections. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
A cholesterol crystal made up of plates heaped one upon another. Note the clear-cut edges and corners. Phase contrast microscopy, original magnification ×400.
Amoxicillin crystals appearing as needles, “shocks of wheat” and “broom bush” strongly birefringent under polarized light. Bright field microscopy, original magnification ×400.
Video
Audio
Image
Other
