American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 52, Issue 1 , Pages 29-38 , July 2008

Waist-to-Hip Ratio, Body Mass Index, and Subsequent Kidney Disease and Death

  • Essam F. Elsayed, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Nephrology Research Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
  • ,
  • Mark J. Sarnak, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Nephrology Research Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
  • ,
  • Hocine Tighiouart, MS

      Affiliations

    • Biostatistics Research Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
  • ,
  • John L. Griffith, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Biostatistics Research Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
  • ,
  • Tobias Kurth, MD, ScD

      Affiliations

    • Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA
  • ,
  • Deeb N. Salem, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA.
  • ,
  • Andrew S. Levey, MD

      Affiliations

    • Nephrology Research Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
  • ,
  • Daniel E. Weiner, MD, MS

      Affiliations

    • Nephrology Research Center, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Daniel E. Weiner, MD, MS, Division of Nephrology, Box #391, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111.

Received 31 December 2007 ,Accepted 25 February 2008.

References 

  1. Coresh J, Selvin E, Stevens LA, et al. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease in the United States. JAMA. 2007;298:2038–2047
  2. Weiner DE, Tabatabai S, Tighiouart H, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality: Exploring the interaction between CKD and cardiovascular disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;48:392–401
  3. Ogden CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, McDowell MA, Tabak CJ, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in the United States, 1999-2004. JAMA. 2006;295:1549–1555
  4. Hsu CY, McCulloch CE, Iribarren C, Darbinian J, Go AS. Body mass index and risk for end-stage renal disease. Ann Intern Med. 2006;144:21–28
  5. Iseki K, Ikemiya Y, Kinjo K, Inoue T, Iseki C, Takishita S. Body mass index and the risk of development of end-stage renal disease in a screened cohort. Kidney Int. 2004;65:1870–1876
  6. Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Ross R. Waist circumference and not body mass index explains obesity-related health risk. Am J Clin Nutr. 2004;79:379–384
  7. Snijder MB, van Dam RM, Visser M, Seidell JC. What aspects of body fat are particularly hazardous and how do we measure them?. Int J Epidemiol. 2006;35:83–92
  8. The ARIC Investigators. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study: Design and objectives. Am J Epidemiol. 1989;129:687–702
  9. Fried LP, Borhani NO, Enright P, et al. The Cardiovascular Health Study: Design and rationale. Ann Epidemiol. 1991;1:263–276
  10. Weiner DE, Tighiouart H, Stark PC, et al. Kidney disease as a risk factor for recurrent cardiovascular disease and mortality. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44:198–206
  11. Elsayed EF, Tighiouart H, Griffith J, et al. Cardiovascular disease and subsequent kidney disease. Arch Intern Med. 2007;167:1130–1136
  12. Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health: National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Obesity Education Initiative. http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/public/heart/obesity/lose_wt/bmi_dis.htmAccessed July 17, 2007
  13. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Defining Overweight and Obesity. http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/dnpa/obesity/defining.htmAccessed July 17, 2007
  14. World Health Organization. Global Database on Body Mass Index. http://www.who.int/bmi/index.jspAccessed July 17, 2007
  15. Daviglus ML, Liu K, Yan LL, et al. Relation of body mass index in young adulthood and middle age to Medicare expenditures in older age. JAMA. 2004;292:2743–2749
  16. Sanches FMR, Avesani CM, Kamimura MA, et al. Waist circumference and visceral fat in CKD: A cross-sectional study. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;52:66–73
  17. Canoy D, Boekholdt SM, Wareham N, et al. Body fat distribution and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women in the European Prospective Investigation Into Cancer and Nutrition in Norfolk Cohort. Circulation. 2007;116:2933–2943
  18. Tanko LB, Bagger YZ, Alexandersen P, Larsen PJ, Christiansen C. Peripheral adiposity exhibits an independent dominant antiatherogenic effect in elderly women. Circulation. 2003;107:1626–1631
  19. Snijder MB, Dekker JM, Visser M, et al. Larger thigh and hip circumferences are associated with better glucose tolerance: The Hoorn Study. Obes Res. 2003;11:104–111
  20. Curtis JP, Selter JG, Wang Y, et al. The obesity paradox: Body mass index and outcomes in patients with heart failure. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:55–61
  21. Kalantar-Zadeh K, Block G, Humphreys MH, Kopple JD. Reverse epidemiology of cardiovascular risk factors in maintenance dialysis patients. Kidney Int. 2003;63:793–808
  22. Klein S, Allison DB, Heymsfield SB, et al. Waist circumference and cardiometabolic risk: A consensus statement from Shaping America's Health: Association for Weight Management and Obesity Prevention; NAASO, The Obesity Society; the American Society for Nutrition; and the American Diabetes Association. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:1197–1202
  23. Fox CS, Massaro JM, Hoffmann U, et al. Abdominal visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissue compartments: Association with metabolic risk factors in the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2007;116:39–48
  24. Mathew B, Patel SB, Reams GP, Freeman RH, Spear RM, Villarreal D. Obesity-hypertension: Emerging concepts in pathophysiology and treatment. Am J Med Sci. 2007;334:23–30
  25. Gelber RP, Kurth T, Kausz AT, et al. Association between body mass index and CKD in apparently healthy men. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;46:871–880
  26. Kramer H, Luke A, Bidani A, Cao G, Cooper R, McGee D. Obesity and prevalent and incident CKD: The Hypertension Detection and Follow-Up Program. Am J Kidney Dis. 2005;46:587–594
  27. Fox CS, Larson MG, Leip EP, Culleton B, Wilson PW, Levy D. Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population. JAMA. 2004;291:844–850
  28. Ogden CL, Fryar CD, Carroll MD, Flegal KM. Mean body weight, height, and body mass index, United States 1960-2002. Adv Data. 2004;347:1–17
  29. Schoen RE, Thaete FL, Sankey SS, Weissfeld JL, Kuller LH. Sagittal diameter in comparison with single slice CT as a predictor of total visceral adipose tissue volume. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998;22:338–342

 Because an author of this manuscript is an editor for AJKD, the peer-review and decision-making processes were handled entirely by an Associate Editor (Katherine Tuttle, MD, Sacred Heart Medical Center) who served as Acting Editor-in-Chief. Details of the journal's procedures for potential editor conflicts are given in the Editorial Policies section of the AJKD website.

 Originally published online as doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.02.363 on May 30, 2008.

PII: S0272-6386(08)00741-5

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.02.363

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 52, Issue 1 , Pages 29-38 , July 2008