American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 52, Issue 2 , Pages 235-241 , August 2008

A Comparison of Urinary Albumin–Total Protein Ratio to Phase-Contrast Microscopic Examination of Urine Sediment for Differentiating Glomerular and Nonglomerular Bleeding

  • Noriko Ohisa

      Affiliations

    • Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
    • Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan
    • ,
  • Katsumi Yoshida, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medical Technology, Tohoku University School of Health Sciences, Sendai, Japan
    • ,
  • Ryoko Matsuki

      Affiliations

    • Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
    • ,
  • Hiromi Suzuki

      Affiliations

    • Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
    • ,
  • Hideto Miura

      Affiliations

    • Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
    • ,
  • Yoshiharu Ohisa, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
    • ,
  • Nobuki Murayama, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
    • ,
  • Mitsuo Kaku, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Infection Control and Diagnosis, Internal Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
    • ,
  • Hiroshi Sato, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Hiroshi Sato, MD, Division of Nephrology, Endocrinology and Hypertension, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan.

Received 2 August 2007 ,Accepted 11 April 2008.

References 

  1. Birch DF, Fairley KF. Hematuria: Glomerular or non-glomerular?. Lancet. 1979;2:845–846
  2. Fassett RG, Horgan BA, Gove D, Mathew TH. Scanning electron microscopy of glomerular and non-glomerular red blood cells. Clin Nephrol. 1983;20:11–16
  3. Birch DF, Fairley KF, Whitworth JA, et al. Urinary erythrocyte morphology in the diagnosis of glomerular hematuria. Clin Nephrol. 1983;20:78–84
  4. Kohler H, Wandel E, Brunck B. Acanthocyturia—A characteristic marker for glomerular bleeding. Kidney Int. 1991;40:115–120
  5. Kitamoto Y, Tomita M, Akamine M, et al. Differentiation of hematuria using a uniquely shaped red cell. Nephron. 1993;64:32–36
  6. Venkat Raman G, Pead L, Lee HA, Maskell R. A blind controlled trial of phase- contrast microscopy by two observers for evaluating the source of hematuria. Nephron. 1986;44:304–308
  7. Pollock C, Liu PL, Gyory AZ, et al. Dysmorphism of urinary red blood cells—Value in diagnosis. Kidney Int. 1989;36:1045–1049
  8. Mohammad KS, Bdesha AS, Snell ME, et al. Phase contrast microscopic examination of urinary erythrocytes to localize source of bleeding: An overload technique?. J Clin Pathol. 1986;46:642–645
  9. Ohisa N, Yoshida K, Kaku M, Sato H. Comparison between optical microscopic examination and phase contrast microscopic examination for diagnosing the origin of urinary bleeding. [in Japanese, abstract in English] Jpn J Nephrol. 2006;48:401–406
  10. Ohisa N, Yoshida K, Sato H, et al. Evaluation of hematuria using a ratio of urinary total protein-to-albumin to differentiate glomerular and non-glomerular bleeding. Clin Exp Nephrol. 2007;11:61–65
  11. Zweig MH, Campbell G. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) plots: A fundamental evaluation tool in clinical medicine. Clin Chem. 1993;39:561–577
  12. Takenouchi Y, Kouguchi Y, Yokota Y, et al. Study of outcome prediction with clinical data. [Japanese] J Med Technol. 2001;45:97–100
  13. Offringa M, Benbassat J. The value of urinary red cell shape in the diagnosis of glomerular and post-glomerular haematuria (A meta-analysis). Postgrad Med J. 1992;68:648–654

 Originally published online as doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.04.014 on June 20, 2008.

PII: S0272-6386(08)00828-7

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.04.014

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 52, Issue 2 , Pages 235-241 , August 2008

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