American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 53, Issue 2 , Pages 238-247 , February 2009

Prevalence and Awareness of CKD Among African Americans: The Jackson Heart Study

  • Michael F. Flessner, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Michael F. Flessner, MD, PhD, John Bower Professor and Chair, Division of Nephrology, School of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 North State St, Jackson, MS 39216-4505
  • ,
  • Sharon B. Wyatt, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
    • School of Nursing, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
  • ,
  • Ermeg L. Akylbekova, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
    • Jackson Heart Study, Jackson State University, Jackson, MS
  • ,
  • Sean Coady, PhD

      Affiliations

    • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Bethesda, MD
  • ,
  • Tibor Fulop, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
  • ,
  • Frederick Lee, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
  • ,
  • Herman A. Taylor, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS
  • ,
  • Errol Crook, MD

      Affiliations

    • University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL

Received 10 April 2008 ,Accepted 29 August 2008.

References 

  1. Dirks JH, De ZD, Agarwal SK, Atkins RC. Prevention of chronic kidney and vascular disease: Toward global health equity—The Bellagio 2004 Declaration. Kidney Int. 2005;68(suppl 98):S1–S6
  2. Lysaght MJ. Maintenance dialysis population dynamics: Current trends and long-term implications. Kidney Int. 2005;68(suppl 98):S37–S40
  3. Coresh J, Astor BC, Greene T, Eknoyan G, Levey AS. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and decreased kidney function in the adult US population: Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;41:1–12
  4. Saydah S, Eberhardt M, Rios-Burrows N, Williams D, Geiss L, Dorsey R. Prevalence of chronic kidney disease and associated risk factors—United States, 1999-2004. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 2007;56:161–165
  5. Collins A, Kasiske B, Herzog C, et al. 2006 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49(suppl 1):S10–S223
  6. Schieppati A, Remuzzi G. Chronic renal disease as a public health problem: Epidemiology, social, and economic implications. Kidney Int. 2005;68(suppl 98):S7–S10
  7. Bello AK, Nwankwo E, El Nahas AM. Prevention of chronic kidney disease: A global challenge. Kidney Int. 2005;68(suppl 98):S11–S17
  8. de Zeeuw D, Remuzzi G, Parving HH, et al. Albuminuria, a therapeutic target for cardiovascular protection in type 2 diabetic patients with nephropathy. Circulation. 2004;110:921–927
  9. de Zeeuw D, Lewis EJ, Remuzzi G, Brenner BM, Cooper ME. Renoprotective effects of renin-angiotensin-system inhibitors. Lancet. 2006;367:899–900
  10. Eijkelkamp WB, Zhang Z, Remuzzi G, et al. Albuminuria is a target for renoprotective therapy independent from blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy: Post hoc analysis from the Reduction of Endpoints in NIDDM with the Angiotensin II Antagonist Losartan (RENAAL) trial. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18:1540–1546
  11. Parving HH, Lehnert H, Brochner-Mortensen J, Gomis R, Andersen S, Arner P. The effect of irbesartan on the development of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. N Engl J Med. 2001;345:870–878
  12. Taylor HA, Hughes GD, Garrison RJ. Cardiovascular disease among women residing in rural America: Epidemiology, explanations, and challenges. Am J Public Health. 2002;92:548–551
  13. Taylor HA. Establishing a foundation for cardiovascular disease research in an African-American community—The Jackson Heart Study. Ethn Dis. 2003;13:411–413
  14. Wyatt SB, Akylbekova E, Wofford MR, et al. Prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension in the Jackson Heart Study. Hypertension. 2008;51:650–656
  15. Taylor H, Liu J, Wilson G, et al. Distinct component profiles and high risk among African Americans with metabolic syndrome: The Jackson Heart Study. Diabetes Care. 2008;31:1248–1253
  16. Taylor HA. The Jackson Heart Study: An overview. Ethn Dis. 2005;15(suppl 6):S1–S3
  17. Fuqua SR, Wyatt SB, Andrew ME, et al. Recruiting African-American research participation in the Jackson Heart Study: Methods, response rates, and sample description. Ethn Dis. 2005;15(suppl 6):S18–S29
  18. Payne TJ, Wyatt SB, Mosley TH, et al. Sociocultural methods in the Jackson Heart Study: Conceptual and descriptive overview. Ethn Dis. 2005;15(suppl 6):S38–S48
  19. Carpenter MA, Crow R, Steffes M, et al. Laboratory, reading center, and coordinating center data management methods in the Jackson Heart Study. Am J Med Sci. 2004;328:131–144
  20. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. In: 4th ed.. Procedures and Devices for the Collection of Diagnostic Blood Specimens by Skin Puncture: Approved Standard. Vol 19:Wayne, PA: NCCLS; 1999;
  21. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. In: 2nd ed.. Urinalysis and Collection, Transportation, and Preservation of Urine Specimens: Approved Guideline. Vol 21:Wayne, PA: NCCLS; 1999;
  22. National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards. In: 2nd ed.. Procedures for the Handling and Processing of Blood Specimens: Approved Guideline. Vol 21:Wayne, PA: NCCLS; 1999;
  23. Levey AS, Coresh J, Balk E, et al. National Kidney Foundation practice guidelines for chronic kidney disease: Evaluation, classification, and stratification. Ann Intern Med. 2003;139:137–147
  24. Levin A, Rocco M. Clinical practice guidelines and clinical practice recommendations for diabetes and chronic kidney disease. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49(suppl 2):S1–S179
  25. Fox CS, Larson MG, Leip EP, Culleton B, Wilson PWF, Levy D. Predictors of new-onset kidney disease in a community-based population. JAMA. 2004;291:844–850
  26. Perkins BA, Fiociello LH, Ostrander BE, et al. Microalbuminuria and the risk for early progressive renal function decline in type I diabetes. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18:1353–1361
  27. Wilson JG, Rotimi CN, Ekunwe L, et al. Study design for genetic analysis in the Jackson Heart Study. Ethn Dis. 2005;15(suppl 6):S6–S37
  28. Bryson CL, Ross HJ, Boyko EJ, Young BA. Racial and ethnic variations in albuminuria in the US Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) population: Associations with diabetes and level of CKD. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;48:720–726
  29. de Boer IH, Astor B, Kramer H, et al. Lipoprotein abnormalities associated with mild impairment of kidney function in the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:125–132
  30. Brown WW, Peters RM, Ohmit SE, et al. Early detection of kidney disease in community settings: The Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP). Am J Kidney Dis. 2003;42:22–35
  31. Hsu CC, Hwang SJ, Wen CP, et al. High prevalence and low awareness of CKD in Taiwan: A study on the relationship between serum creatinine and awareness from a nationally representative survey. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;48:727–738
  32. Collins AJ. 2006 Annual Data Report: Atlas of Chronic Kidney Disease and End-Stage Renal Disease in the United States. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;49(suppl 1):S100–S104

PII: S0272-6386(08)01575-8

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.08.035

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 53, Issue 2 , Pages 238-247 , February 2009