American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 53, Issue 6 , Pages 1034-1041 , June 2009

Sodium Citrate Versus Heparin Catheter Locks for Cuffed Central Venous Catheters: A Single-Center Randomized Controlled Trial

Received 20 August 2008 ,Accepted 13 January 2009.

References 

  1. Pisoni RL, Young EW, Dykstra DM, et al. Vascular access use in Europe and the United States: Results from the DOPPS. Kidney Int. 2002;61:305–316
  2. Astor BC, Eustace JA, Powe NR, et al. Type of vascular access and survival among incident hemodialysis patients: The Choices for Healthy Outcomes in Caring for ESRD (CHOICE) Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:1449–1455
  3. Hoen B, Paul-Dauphin A, Hestin D, et al. EPIBACDIAL: A multicenter prospective study of risk factors for bacteraemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1998;9:869–876
  4. Duncan NDC, Singh S, Cairns TDH, et al. Tesio-Caths provide effective and safe long-term vascular access. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19:2816–2822
  5. Purchase L, Gault MH. Hemodialysis with a Permcath kept open with streptokinase and later citrate in a heparin-sensitive patient. Nephron. 1991;58:119–120
  6. Weijmer MC, Debets-Ossenkopp YJ, van de Vondervoort FJ, et al. Superior antimicrobial activity of trisodium citrate over heparin for catheter locking. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:2189–2195
  7. Polaschegg HD, Shah C. Overspill of catheter locking solution: Safety and efficacy aspects. ASAIO J. 2003;49:713–715
  8. Sungur M, Eryuksel E, Yavas S, et al. Exit of catheter lock solutions from double lumen acute haemodialysis catheters—an in vitro study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22:3533–3537
  9. McGill RL, Smith BC, Tucker Freedy H, et al: Use of 23.35% tri-sodium citrate as a dialysis catheter locking solution after “heparin-free” hemodialysis. Abstract presented at: 33rd Annual Meeting of the ASN. October 13-16, 2000, Toronto, Canada
  10. Bayes B, Bonal J, Romero R. Sodium citrate for filling haemodialysis catheters. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1999;14:2532–2533
  11. Ash SR, Mankus RA, Sutton JM, et al. Concentrated sodium citrate (23%) for catheter lock. Hemodial Int. 2000;4:22–31
  12. Buturovic J, Ponikvar R, Kandus A, et al. Filling hemodialysis catheters in the interdialytic period: Heparin versus citrate versus polygeline: A prospective randomised study. Artif Organs. 1998;22:945–947
  13. Stas KJF, Vanwalleghem J, De Moor B, et al. Trisodium citrate 30% vs heparin 5% as catheter lock in the interdialytic period in twin- or double-lumen dialysis catheters for intermittent haemodialysis. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16:1521–1522
  14. Hendrickx L, Kuypers D, Evenepoel P, et al. A comparative prospective study on the use of low concentrate citrate lock versus heparin lock in permanent dialysis catheters. Int J Artif Organs. 2001;24:208–211
  15. Weijmer MC, van den Dorpel MA, van de Ven, et al. Randomized, clinical trial comparison of trisodium citrate 30% and heparin as catheter-locking solution in hemodialysis patients. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:2769–2777
  16. Webb A, Abdalla M, Russell D. A protocol of urokinase infusion and warfarin for the management of the thrombosed haemodialysis catheter. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2001;16:2075–2078
  17. Daugirdas JT. Second generation logarithmic estimates of single-pool variable volume Kt/V: An analysis of error. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1993;4:1205–1213
  18. Duncan N, McLean AG, Cairns T, et al. Low rates of hospital admission and access-related infection associated with Tesio-Caths in a prospective analysis. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2003;14:241A;(abstr)
  19. Duncan N, Singh S, Amao M, et al. A single centre randomised control trial of sodium citrate versus heparin line locks for cuffed central venous catheters. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:451A
  20. Shanks R, Sargent J, Martinez R, Graber M, O'Toole G. Catheter lock solutions influence staphylococcal biofilm formation on abiotic surfaces. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:2247–2255
  21. Lok C, Appleton D, Bhola C, Khoo B, Richardson R. Trisodium citrate 4%—An alternative to heparin capping of haemodialysis catheters. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22:477–483
  22. MacRae JM, Dojcinovic I, Djurdjev O, et al. Citrate 4% versus Heparin and the Reduction of Thrombosis Study (CHARTS). Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:369–374
  23. Grudzinski L, Quinan P, Kwok S, Pierratos A. Sodium citrate 4% locking solution for central venous dialysis catheters—An effective, more cost-effective alternative to heparin. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2007;22:471–476
  24. Winnett G, Nolan J, Miller M, Ashman N. Trisodium citrate (TSC) 46.7% selectively and safely reduces staphylococcal catheter-related bacteraemia (CRB). Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:3592–3598
  25. US Food and Drug Administration. FDA Issues Warning on triCitrasol Dialysis Catheter Anticoagulant (FDA Talk Paper T00-16). Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services; 2000;April 14

 Originally published online as doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.01.259 on April 27, 2009.

PII: S0272-6386(09)00430-2

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.01.259

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 53, Issue 6 , Pages 1034-1041 , June 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution