American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 53, Issue 6 , Pages 915-920 , June 2009

Definition and Classification of CKD: The Debate Should Be About Patient Prognosis—A Position Statement From KDOQI and KDIGO

  • Kai-Uwe Eckardt, MD

      Affiliations

    • University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Kai-Uwe Eckardt, MD, Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany
    • ,
  • Jeffrey S. Berns, MD

      Affiliations

    • University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
    • ,
  • Michael V. Rocco, MD

      Affiliations

    • Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
    • ,
  • Bertram L. Kasiske, MD

      Affiliations

    • University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota

References 

  1. National Kidney Foundation: K/DOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines for Chronic Kidney Disease: Evaluation, Classification and Stratification. Am J Kidney Dis. 2002;39(suppl 1):S1–S266
  2. Eknoyan G. Chronic kidney disease definition and classification: The quest for refinements. Kidney Int. 2007;72:1183–1185
  3. Levey AS, Eckardt KU, Tsukamoto Y, et al. Definition and classification of chronic kidney disease: A position statement from Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO). Kidney Int. 2005;67:2089–2100
  4. Levey AS, Atkins R, Coresh J, et al. Chronic kidney disease as a global public health problem: Approaches and initiatives–a position statement from Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes. Kidney Int. 2007;72:247–259
  5. Couser WG. Chronic kidney disease–The promise and the perils. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18:2803–2805
  6. Glassock RJ, Winearls C. The global burden of chronic kidney disease: How valid are the estimates?. Nephron Clin Pract. 2008;110:c39–c47
  7. Glassock RJ, Winearls C. Screening for CKD with eGFR: Doubts and dangers. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:1563–1568
  8. Glassock RJ, Winearls C. Routine reporting of estimated glomerular filtration rate: Not ready for prime time. Nat Clin Pract Nephrol. 2008;4:422–423
  9. Glassock RJ, Winearls C. An epidemic of chronic kidney disease: Fact or fiction?. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:1117–1121
  10. Glassock RJ, Winearls C. CKD—fiction not fact. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:2695–2696
  11. de Jong PE, Gansevoort RT. Fact or fiction of the epidemic of chronic kidney disease–let us not squabble about estimated GFR only, but also focus on albuminuria. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:1092–1095
  12. de Jong PE, Gansevoort RT. Reply. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:2698–2699
  13. Coresh J, Stevens LA, Levey AS. Chronic kidney disease is common: What do we do next?. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:1122–1125
  14. Levey AS, Stevens LA, Coresh J. Reply. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2008;23:2696–2697
  15. Bauer C, Melamed ML, Hostetter TH. Staging of chronic kidney disease: Time for a course of correction. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;19:844–846
  16. Landray MJ, Haynes RJ. Commentary: Controversies in NICE guidance on chronic kidney disease. BMJ. 2008;337:a1793
  17. Glassock RJ, Winearls C, El Nahas M. Chronic kidney disease in Taiwan. Lancet. 2008;372:1949–1950
  18. Stevens LA, Coresh J, Levey AS. CKD in the elderly–old questions and new challenges: World Kidney Day 2008. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;51:353–357
  19. Glassock RJ, Winearls C. CKD in the elderly. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;52:803
  20. Stevens LA, Coresh J, Levey AS. In reply to ‘CKD in the elderly’. Am J Kidney Dis. 2008;52:803–804
  21. Eknoyan G. Kidney disease: Wherefore, whence and whereto?. Kidney Int. 2007;71:473–475
  22. Froissart M, Rossert J, Jacquot C, Paillard M, Houillier P. Predictive performance of the modification of diet in renal disease and Cockroft-Gault equations for estimating renal function. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16:763–773
  23. Xie D, Joffe MM, Brunelli SM, et al. A comparison of change in measured and estimated glomerular filtration rate in patients with nondiabetic kidney disease. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:1332–1338
  24. Poggio ED, Rule AD. Can we do better than single estimated GFR threshold when screening for chronic kidney disease?. Kidney Int. 2007;72:534–536
  25. Wetzels JF, Kiemeney LA, Swinkels DW, Willems HL, den Heijer M. Age- and gender-specific reference values of estimated GFR in Caucasians: The Nijmegen biomedical study. Kidney Int. 2007;72:632–637
  26. Crowe E, Halpin D, Stevens P. for Guideline Development Group: Early identification and management of chronic kidney disease: Summary of NICE guidance. BMJ. 2008;337:a1530

 Originally published online as doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.04.001 on May 1, 2009.

PII: S0272-6386(09)00605-2

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.04.001

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 53, Issue 6 , Pages 915-920 , June 2009

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