American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 54, Issue 1 , Pages 13-17 , July 2009

Treatment Guidelines for Dialysis Catheter–Related Bacteremia: An Update

  • Michael Allon, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Michael Allon, MD, Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama, Paul Bldg, Rm 226, 728 Richard Arrington Blvd, Birmingham, AL 35233

References 

  1. Mermel LA, Allon M, Bouza E, et al. Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Intravascular Catheter-Related Infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Clin Infect Dis. 2009;49:1–45
  2. Mermel LA, Farr BM, Sherertz RJ, et al. Guidelines for the management of intravascular catheter-related infections. Clin Infect Dis. 2001;32:1249–1272
  3. National Kidney Foundation. KDOQI Clinical Practice Guidelines and Clinical Practice Recommendations for Vascular Access 2006. Am J Kidney Dis. 2006;48(suppl 1):S176–S322
  4. Allon M. Dialysis catheter-related bacteremia: Treatment and prophylaxis. Am J Kidney Dis. 2004;44:779–791
  5. Haimi-Cohen Y, Vellozzi EM, Rubin LG. Initial concentration of Staphylococcus epidermidis in simulated pediatric blood cultures correlates with time to positive results with the automated continuously monitored BACTEC blood culture system. J Clin Microbiol. 2002;40:898–901
  6. Krishnasami Z, Carlton D, Bimbo L, et al. Management of hemodialysis catheter related bacteremia with an adjunctive antibiotic lock solution. Kidney Int. 2002;61:1136–1142
  7. Poole CV, Carlton D, Bimbo L, Allon M. Treatment of catheter-related bacteremia with an antibiotic lock protocol: Effect of bacterial pathogen. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2004;19:1237–1244
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  10. Tanriover B, Carlton D, Saddekni S, et al. Bacteremia associated with tunneled dialysis catheters: Comparison of two treatment strategies. Kidney Int. 2000;57:2151–2155
  11. Stryjewski ME, Szczech LA, Benjamin DK, et al. Use of vancomycin or first-generation cephalosporins for the treatment of hemodialysis-dependent patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Clin Infect Dis. 2007;44:190–196
  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Staphylococcus aureus resistant to vancomycin—United States, 2002. MMWR Morbid Mortal Wkly Rep. 2002;51:565–567
  13. Diaz CR, Kane JG, Parker RH, Pelsor FR. Pharmacokinetics of nafcillin in patients with renal failure. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1977;12:98–101
  14. Allen AW, Megargell JL, Brown DB, et al. Venous thrombosis associated with the placement of peripherally inserted cantral catheters. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2000;11:1309–1314
  15. Fogel MA, Nussbaum PB, Feintzeig ID, Hunt WA, Gavin JP, Kim RC. Cefazolin in chronic hemodialysis patients: A safe, effective alternative to vancomycin. Am J Kidney Dis. 1998;32:401–409
  16. Feldman L, Efrati S, Eviatar E, et al. Gentamicin-induced ototoxicity in hemodialysis patients is ameliorated by N-acetycysteine. Kidney Int. 2007;72:359–363
  17. Barth RH, DeVincenzo N. Use of vancomycin in high-flux hemodialysis: Experience with 130 courses of therapy. Kidney Int. 1996;50:929–936
  18. Lund GB, Trerotola SO, Scheel PF, et al. Outcome of tunneled hemodialysis catheters placed by radiologists. Radiology. 1996;198:467–472
  19. Pourchez T, Moriniere P, Fournier A, Pietri J. Use of Permcath (Quinton) catheter in uremic patients in whom the creation of conventional vascular access for hemodialysis is difficult. Nephron. 1989;53:297–302
  20. Swartz RD, Messana JM, Boyer CJ, Lunde NM, Weitzel WF, Hartman TL. Successful use of cuffed central venous hemodialysis catheters inserted percutaneously. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1994;4:1719–1725
  21. Mokrzycki MH, Zhang M, Cohen H, Golestaneh L, Laut JM, Rosenberg SO. Tunnelled hemodialysis catheter bacteraemia: Risk factors for bacteraemia recurrence, infectious complications and mortality. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2006;21:1024–1031
  22. Beathard GA. Management of bacteremia associated with tunneled-cuffed hemodialysis catheters. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1999;10:1045–1049
  23. Robinson D, Suhocki P, Schwab SJ. Treatment of infected tunneled venous access hemodialysis catheters with guidewire exchange. Kidney Int. 1998;53:1792–1794
  24. Shaffer D. Catheter-related sepsis complicating long-term, tunneled central venous dialysis catheters: Management by guidewire exchange. Am J Kidney Dis. 1995;25:593–596
  25. Capdevilla JA, Segarra A, Planes AM, et al. Successful treatment of hemodialysis catheter-related sepsis without catheter removal. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 1993;8:231–234
  26. Fernandez-Hidalgo N, Almirante B, Calleja R, et al. Antibiotic-lock therapy for long-term intravascular catheter-related bacteremia: Results of an open, non-comparative study. J Antimicrob Chemother. 2006;57:1172–1180
  27. Vardhan A, Davies J, Daryanani I, Crowe A, McClelland P. Treatment of haemodialysis catheter-related infections. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2002;17:1149–1150
  28. Peterson WJ, Maya ID, Carlton D, Estrada E, Allon M. Treatment of dialysis catheter-related Enterococcus bacteremia with an antibiotic lock: A quality improvement report. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;53:107–111
  29. Maya ID, Carlton D, Estrada E, Allon M. Treatment of dialysis catheter-related Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia with an antibiotic lock: A quality improvement report. Am J Kidney Dis. 2007;50:289–295
  30. Sychev D, Maya ID, Allon M. Clinical outcomes of dialysis catheter-related candidemia in hemodialysis patients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2009 Apr 30;[Epub ahead of print]

PII: S0272-6386(09)00636-2

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.04.006

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 54, Issue 1 , Pages 13-17 , July 2009

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