American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 54, Issue 4 , Pages 594-597 , October 2009

The Dual Role of the Kidney in Primary Aldosteronism: Key Determinant in Rescue From Volume Expansion and Persistence of Hypertension

  • Leonardo A. Sechi, MD

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence to Leonardo A. Sechi, MD, Department of Experimental and Clinical Pathology and Medicine (DPMSC), Clinica Medica, Università di Udine, Piazzale S. Maria della Misericordia, 1, 33100 Udine, Italy
  • ,
  • Cristiana Catena, MD, PhD

References 

  1. Stowasser M, Gordon RD, Gunasekera TG, et al. High rate of detection of primary aldosteronism, including surgically treatable forms, after “non-selective” screening of hypertensive patients. J Hypertens. 2003;21(11):2149–2157
  2. Funder JW, Carey RM, Fardella C, et al. Case detection, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with primary aldosteronism: an Endocrine Society clinical practice guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2008;93(9):3266–3281
  3. Letavernier E, Peyrard S, Amar L, Zinzindohoue F, Fiquet B, Plouin PF. Blood pressure outcome of adrenalectomy in patients with primary hyperaldosteronism with or without unilateral adenoma. J Hypertens. 2008;26(9):1816–1823
  4. Blumenfeld JD, Sealey JE, Schlussel Y, et al. Diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121(11):877–885
  5. Sawka AM, Young WF, Thompson GB, et al. Primary aldosteronism: factors associated with normalization of blood pressure after surgery. Ann Intern Med. 2001;135(4):258–261
  6. Catena C, Colussi GL, Lapenna R, et al. Long-term cardiac effects of adrenalectomy in patients with primary aldosteronism. Hypertension. 2007;50(5):911–918
  7. Obara T, Ito Y, Okamoto T, et al. Risk factors associated with postoperative persistent hypertension in patients with primary aldosteronism. Surgery. 1992;112(6):987–993
  8. Stowasser M, Klemm SA, Tunny TJ, Storie WJ, Rutherford JC, Gordon RD. Response to unilateral adrenalectomy for aldosterone-producing adenoma: effect of potassium levels and angiotensin responsiveness. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1994;21(4):319–322
  9. Celen O, O'Brien MJ, Melby JC, Beazley RM. Factors influencing outcome of surgery for primary aldosteronism. Arch Surg. 1996;131(6):646–650
  10. Lo CY, Tam PC, Kung AW, Lam KS, Wong J. Primary aldosteronism: results of surgical treatment. Ann Surg. 1996;224(2):125–130
  11. Proye CA, Mulliez EA, Carnaille BM, et al. Essential hypertension: first reason for persistent hypertension after unilateral adrenalectomy for primary aldosteronism?. Surgery. 1998;124(6):1128–1133
  12. Horita Y, Inenaga T, Nakahama H, et al. Cause of residual hypertension after adrenalectomy in patients with primary aldosteronism. Am J Kidney Dis. 2001;37(5):884–889
  13. Meria P, Kempf BF, Hermieu JF, Plouin PF, Duclos J. Laparoscopic management of primary aldosteronism: clinical experience with 212 cases. J Urol. 2003;169(1):32–35
  14. Lumachi F, Ermani M, Basso SM, Armanini D, Iacobone M, Favia G. Long-term results of adrenalectomy in patients with aldosterone-producing adenomas: multivariate analysis of factors affecting unresolved hypertension and review of the literature. Am Surg. 2005;71(10):864–869
  15. Wu V-C, Chueh S-C, Chang H-W, et al. Association of kidney function with residual hypertension after treatment of aldosterone-producing adenoma. Am J Kidney Dis. 2009;54(4):665–673
  16. Hollenberg NK. Aldosterone in the development and progression of renal injury. Kidney Int. 2004;66(1):1–9
  17. Beevers DG, Brown JJ, Ferriss JB, et al. Renal abnormalities and vascular complications in primary aldosteronism: evidence of tertiary hyperaldosteronism. Q J Med. 1976;45(175):401–410
  18. Danforth DN, Orlando MM, Bartter FC, Javadpour N. Renal changes in primary aldosteronism. J Urol. 1977;117(2):140–144
  19. Bravo EL, Fouad-Tarazi FM, Tarazi RC, Pohl M, Gifford RW, Vidt DG. Clinical implications of primary aldosteronism with resistant hypertension. Hypertension. 1988;11(2, pt 2):207–211
  20. Nishimura M, Uzu T, Fujii T, et al. Cardiovascular complications in patients with primary aldosteronism. Am J Kidney Dis. 1999;33(2):262–266
  21. Rossi GP, Bernini G, Desideri G, et al. Renal damage in primary aldosteronism: results of the PAPY study. Hypertension. 2006;48(2):232–238
  22. Catena C, Colussi GL, Nadalini E, et al. Relationships of plasma renin levels with renal function in patients with primary aldosteronism. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;2(4):722–731
  23. Reincke M, Rump LC, Quinkler M, et al. Risk factors associated with low glomerular filtration rate in primary aldosteronsim. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(3):869–875
  24. Ribstein J, Du Cailar G, Fesler P, et al. Relative glomerular hyperfiltration in primary aldosteronism. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005;16(5):1320–1325
  25. Sechi LA, Novello M, Lapenna R, et al. Long-term renal outcomes in patients with primary aldosteronism. JAMA. 2006;295(22):2638–2645
  26. Kimura G, Uzu T, Nakamura S, Inenaga T, Fujii T. High sodium sensitivity and glomerular hypertension/hyperfiltration in primary aldosteronism. J Hypertens. 1996;14(12):1463–1468
  27. Dworkin LD, Hostetter TH, Rennke HG, Brenner BM. Hemodynamic basis for glomerular injury in rats with desoxycorticosterone-salt hypertension. J Clin Invest. 1984;73(5):1448–1461
  28. Uhrenholt TR, Schjerning J, Hansen PB, et al. Rapid inhibition of vasoconstriction in renal afferent arterioles by aldosterone. Circ Res. 2003;93(12):1258–1266
  29. Sechi LA, Di Fabio A, Bazzocchi M, Uzzau A, Catena C. Intrarenal hemodynamics in primary aldosteronism before and after treatment. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2009;94(4):1191–1197
  30. Rossi GP, Sechi LA, Giacchetti G, Ronconi V, Strazzullo P, Funder JW. Primary aldosteronism: cardiovascular, renal and metabolic implications. Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2008;19(3):88–90
  31. Hall JE, Granger JP, Smith MJ, Premen AJ. Role of hemodynamics and arterial pressure in aldosterone “escape”. Hypertension. 1984;6(2, pt 2):I183–I192

PII: S0272-6386(09)01077-4

doi: 10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.08.004

American Journal of Kidney Diseases
Volume 54, Issue 4 , Pages 594-597 , October 2009